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Energy Explained
Get the latest as our experts share their insights on global energy policy.
Chinese Customs Data Reveal Deeper US Dependence on Chinese Rare Earths
One of the central objectives of the second Trump administration has been to pursue a maximalist trade policy toward China.
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Jessica Uhl on the Fractured Energy Transition: Why Speed Matters Now
The clean energy transition had real momentum at the end of 2024. It was buoyed by federal support, billions of dollars of investment in new technologies, and broad...
Biography
Dr. Gautam Jain is a Senior Research Scholar at the Center on Global Energy Policy (CGEP) of Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA). He focuses on the role of financial markets and instruments—including thematic bonds, blended finance structures, and carbon markets—in the energy transition, with an emphasis on emerging economies.
Dr. Jain has an extensive background in the financial industry where he covered emerging markets as a portfolio manager and strategist. He has worked at asset management firms and an investment bank, including The Rohatyn Group, Barclays Capital, and Millennium Partners. He has helped manage emerging market local debt and hard-currency bond portfolios, encompassing currencies, interest rate instruments, and sovereign credits. He specialized in portfolio construction and asset allocation incorporating macroeconomic, policy, and political developments in emerging markets.
He holds a Ph.D. in Operations Research from Columbia University. He also has an M.S. in Industrial Engineering from Iowa State University and a B.Tech. in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. He is a CFA charter holder, a Cornell Emerging Markets Institute Fellow, and an Adjunct Professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. He is a consultant to the Inter-American Development Bank on local currency hedging mechanisms and has previously been one to the United Nations to support a Global Investors for Sustainable Development (GISD) Alliance workstream on “Tackling Local Currency Risk”.
He has co-authored publications in the Journal of Derivatives, the Journal of Banking and Finance, the Journal of Applied Probability, Probability in Engineering and Informational Science, and the International Journal of Production Economics. He has also contributed chapters for the 2020 and 2021 Cornell EMI Annual Reports.
Relevant Articles
Taking Stock of the Regulatory Landscape for Project-Based Carbon Credit Markets
Project-based carbon credit markets (PCCMs) facilitate the generation, trading, and retirement of carbon credits from projects that remove, reduce, or avoid greenhouse gas emissions.
Türkiye
Türkiye’s project-based carbon credit market (PCCM) is established under the 7552 Climate Law, published in July 2025, which mandates both a national emissions trading system (TR ETS) and a carbon credit and offsetting mechanism.
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia has initiated the development of a carbon market framework through the establishment of a domestic crediting mechanism and a state-backed trading platform, although binding regulations governing market participation and credit use have not yet been adopted.
Singapore
Singapore’s project-based carbon credit market (PCCM) is built around the Carbon Pricing Act (CPA) and the International Carbon Credit (ICC) Framework
Indonesia
Indonesia’s project-based carbon credit market (PCCM) framework is mainly governed by Presidential Regulation 110/2025, which structures the national carbon economic value system (NEK) around carbon trading, results-based payments, a carbon levy, and other instruments to support the achievement of nationally determined contributions (NDCs)
