“Everything up in the air”: LNG, the Strait of Hormuz, and Central & Eastern Europe’s energy future
"LNG shipments to Central & Eastern Europe are reliable as long as those gas markets are not overly dependent upon one supplier."
Reports by Antoine Halff • April 21, 2016
By the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) reckoning, some 5.5 million barrels of oil — 6% of world demand — get burned daily as bunker fuel on the high seas. Those bunkers are the world’s last big sink for high sulfur residual fuel oil (HSFO), the “bottom of the barrel,” as air-emission rules for ships have to date remained relatively loose. Tighter sulfur regulations may soon change that, with far-reaching impacts for the shipping industry, energy markets and air emissions from ships.
On February 8, 2016, the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia SIPA, in partnership with Axelrod Energy Projects and the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), hosted a roundtable with Dr. Edmund Hughes, head of air pollution and energy efficiency at the IMO, to discuss the new rules. During the discussion Dr. Hughes said that the IMO may decide by October 2016 – sooner than a previously set deadline of end-2018 — whether to maintain a January 2020 target date for implementation of the new standard, or postpone it by up to five years. Participants discussed the various paths to compliance with the rules and the challenge of enforcement on the high seas. This Dialogue Report report provides a summary of the roundtable discussion.
Slow Steaming to 2020: Innovation and Inertia in Marine Transport and Fuels
On March 20, Governor Kathy Hochul proposed significant changes to New York’s Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (CLCPA), the landmark climate law passed in 2019.
In January 2026, the UK government publicly released an intelligence report analyzing the security implications of global environmental destruction.
Full report
Reports by Antoine Halff • April 21, 2016